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MAINSTREAM The Guardian Environment

Week in wildlife: monkey spa day, a frisky kākāpō and a camouflaged owl

A series of striking wildlife moments have been captured across the globe, highlighting both the beauty and challenges faced by various species. In Indonesia’s Bukit Baka Bukit Raya national park, three Bornean orangutans—Badul, Korwas, and Asoka—have been successfully reintroduced into the wild after years of rehabilitation. These releases mark significant progress in conservation efforts against illegal wildlife trade and habitat loss. Meanwhile, in New Zealand, the critically endangered kākāpō parrot has begun breeding for the first time in four years, spurred by a bumper crop of native rimu berries. Conservationists are hopeful this will lead to a population boost for the world’s heaviest parrot. Other notable wildlife scenes include a camouflaged little owl blending seamlessly into rocky terrain in Turkey, and a grey-headed flying fox mother and pup in Australia, where thousands of flying foxes recently died during a severe heatwave—the largest such mortality event since the 2019-20 “black summer.” In Kenya’s Amboseli national park, elephants continue to face complex challenges: while some northern African countries are losing their last elephants to poaching, southern regions are grappling with overpopulation of the species, complicating conservation strategies. Additional images from around the world depict diverse species in their natural habitats, such as wild deer at Japan’s Tōdai-ji temple, a fox emerging into a snowy landscape in Wales, and an anhinga bird hunting fish in Florida wetlands. These snapshots underscore the ongoing interplay between wildlife and their environments amid shifting climatic and human pressures. Collectively, these stories emphasize the importance of sustained conservation efforts to protect vulnerable species and maintain biodiversity worldwide.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM Climate Change News

At ‘Davos of mining’, Saudi Arabia shapes new narrative on minerals

Saudi Arabia hosted the Future Minerals Forum in Riyadh, drawing representatives from over 100 countries, including all G20 members and resource-rich nations from Africa and Latin America. The event, now in its second year, has rapidly established itself as a key platform for global discussions on accelerating mineral production essential for clean energy and digital technologies. Saudi Arabia’s role as a major oil and mineral producer places it at the center of efforts to secure critical resources amid increasing geopolitical competition. The forum highlighted Saudi Arabia’s strategic push to diversify its economy beyond fossil fuels by leveraging its vast mineral wealth, estimated at $2.5 trillion, which includes lithium, rare earth elements, zinc, and copper. These minerals are vital for manufacturing batteries and other technologies central to the energy transition. Under its Vision 2030 plan, the Kingdom is investing heavily in mining infrastructure and aims to become a global hub for mineral processing and trading. Saudi officials emphasized their goal of fostering stability and cooperation rather than territorial expansion, positioning the country as a trusted convenor in a fragmented global landscape. The event also underscored the intensifying competition for natural resources, with countries like the United States prioritizing control over critical minerals as part of national security strategies to counter China’s dominance in supply chains. This has led to unprecedented actions, including U.S. interventions in Venezuela’s oil sector and efforts to acquire mineral-rich Greenland. Against this backdrop, Saudi Arabia’s Future Minerals Forum has emerged as a neutral, influential venue where governments, investors, and industry leaders can collaborate on securing the minerals needed for a sustainable future. Experts have likened the forum to the World Economic Forum in Davos, reflecting its growing importance as a decision-shaping platform in the mining sector. As the global demand for clean energy materials intensifies, Saudi Arabia’s leadership in hosting this dialogue signals its ambition to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of mineral supply chains worldwide.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM Carbon Brief

Experts: What to expect from China on energy and climate action in 2026

China is poised to play a critical role in global energy and climate action in 2026, a pivotal year as the country prepares to unveil its next five-year plan. Experts highlight that this period will be crucial for setting the trajectory of China’s climate policies, particularly in terms of energy transition, emissions targets, and carbon neutrality commitments. The forthcoming policy framework is expected to address how China balances its economic growth with environmental sustainability, influencing both domestic and international climate efforts. Recent data indicates that China’s carbon dioxide emissions have plateaued or even declined over the past 18 months, signaling a potential shift in the country’s emissions trajectory. This trend reflects the impact of ongoing structural changes in the economy, increased investment in renewable energy, and efforts to reduce reliance on coal. However, challenges remain, including managing energy security, ensuring a just transition for coal-dependent regions, and meeting ambitious climate goals without compromising development priorities. The role of mid-level bureaucrats in shaping China’s climate policy has also gained attention, as these officials often act as crucial intermediaries between national directives and local implementation. Their influence can determine the effectiveness of policy measures on the ground, affecting how targets are translated into action. Analysts emphasize that understanding these internal dynamics is key to anticipating China’s future climate strategies. China’s approach in 2026 will have significant implications for global climate governance, given its status as the world’s largest emitter. The country’s decisions on energy infrastructure, emissions reduction pathways, and international cooperation will impact global efforts to limit warming and achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. Observers will closely monitor the upcoming five-year plan for signals on China’s commitment to accelerating its clean energy transition and enhancing climate ambition.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM The Guardian Climate

Guterres warns of ‘powerful forces’ undermining ‘global cooperation’

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres delivered a landmark speech in London to mark the 80th anniversary of the UN General Assembly’s inaugural session. Speaking at Methodist Central Hall, the same venue where delegates from 51 countries convened in 1946, Guterres issued a stark warning about “powerful forces lining up to undermine global cooperation.” He emphasized the urgent need to uphold multilateralism and international law amid escalating global challenges, including climate change, cybersecurity threats, and a renewed arms race. Highlighting the scale of military spending, he noted that global expenditures reached $2.7 trillion last year—over 200 times the UK’s current aid budget and equivalent to more than 70% of Britain’s entire economy. Guterres drew attention to the widening gap between escalating military investments and the neglect of climate action, pointing out that fossil fuel profits continue to surge even as the planet experiences record-breaking heat. He also criticized the role of digital platforms in spreading misinformation and enabling authoritarian control, underscoring the complex threats facing global democracy. His remarks come against a backdrop of significant financial challenges for the UN, largely driven by recent US policy shifts. The United States, historically the UN’s largest donor, has drastically cut its humanitarian aid contributions to $2 billion and imposed stringent conditions on funding recipients. This reduction, coupled with the US withdrawal from multiple UN agencies and key climate agreements, has raised concerns about the future effectiveness of international aid and peacekeeping efforts. Experts warn that these funding cuts could severely weaken the UN’s capacity to address global crises, potentially leading to a diminished and less coordinated international response. Despite these obstacles, Guterres expressed confidence that ongoing reforms will strengthen the organization’s ability to meet contemporary challenges. His speech serves as a call to action for member states to recommit to cooperative global governance at a time when geopolitical tensions and existential threats demand unified solutions.

8 hours ago
MAINSTREAM The Guardian Environment

‘Garden of Eden’: the Spanish farm growing citrus you’ve never heard of

A unique organic farm on Spain’s east coast, the Todolí Citrus Foundation, is cultivating over 500 rare citrus varieties, many unfamiliar even to chefs and citrus enthusiasts. Founded by former Tate Modern director Vicente Todolí, the nonprofit farm has become the world’s largest private collection of citrus fruits, including unusual types like Buddha’s hands, sudachi, finger limes, and bergamot. These varieties are grown naturally without chemicals, creating a biodiverse environment that supports local wildlife such as frogs, goldfinches, and bees. The farm gained wider recognition after British chef Matthew Slotover, founder of London’s Toklas restaurant, discovered it during a visit. Slotover was captivated by the diversity beyond common citrus fruits like oranges and lemons, and began incorporating rare varieties into his menu, sourcing them through the organic supplier Shrub. These fruits, such as finger limes with their distinctive caviar-like pearls, have become popular among chefs, expanding the culinary use of lesser-known citrus types. Slotover’s collaboration has also helped the farm by providing a commercial outlet for its produce, which was previously shared informally with friends or used in small-scale artisanal products. Beyond its culinary appeal, the Todolí Citrus Foundation serves an important role in agricultural research and sustainability. As Spain is the world’s largest exporter of fresh citrus, the foundation’s extensive genetic repository could be crucial in developing citrus crops resilient to climate change and disease. The farm’s approach contrasts with nearby commercial operations by emphasizing biodiversity and organic practices, potentially offering a model for the future of citrus farming amid environmental challenges. This initiative highlights the intersection of gastronomy, conservation, and agricultural innovation in preserving rare fruit varieties and supporting sustainable food systems.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM Carbon Brief

DeBriefed 16 January 2026: Three years of record heat; China and India coal milestone; Beijing’s 2026 climate outlook

The past three years have marked a period of unprecedented global heat, underscoring the accelerating impacts of climate change. This trend has intensified concerns about the planet’s warming trajectory and its implications for ecosystems, human health, and economic stability worldwide. Amid this backdrop, China and India have reached a significant milestone in coal consumption, reflecting ongoing challenges in balancing energy demands with climate commitments. China and India, the world’s two largest coal consumers, have both seen their coal use hit record levels, complicating global efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Despite international pressure and pledges to transition toward cleaner energy sources, the reliance on coal remains strong due to economic growth imperatives and energy security concerns. This milestone highlights the tension between development needs and climate goals, particularly in emerging economies where coal remains a dominant energy source. Looking ahead, Beijing’s climate outlook for 2026 suggests a cautious approach, with the Chinese government signaling intentions to advance green technologies and emissions reductions while managing the realities of its current energy infrastructure. The country’s policies will be closely watched, given its outsized role in global emissions and its influence on international climate negotiations. The developments in China and India, alongside the persistent record heat, emphasize the urgency of coordinated global action to address climate change and transition to sustainable energy systems. These recent trends and policy signals come at a critical juncture as the international community prepares for upcoming climate summits and negotiations. The interplay between economic growth, energy needs, and environmental sustainability remains a central challenge, making the next few years pivotal for shaping the trajectory of global climate efforts.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM Climate Change News

Roadmaps and Colombia conference aim to shift fossil fuel transition into higher gear

A series of international conferences and consultations in 2026 aim to accelerate the global transition away from fossil fuels while ensuring fairness and stability for workers, communities, and financial systems. Central to this effort is the first international conference on a just transition from fossil fuels, scheduled for April 28-29 in Santa Marta, Colombia. The event will bring together diverse stakeholders—including Indigenous Peoples, diplomats, financial experts, and infrastructure planners—to discuss strategies for phasing down fossil fuel production and use without causing social or economic disruption. The Santa Marta conference is part of a broader initiative announced at COP30 under the Brazilian presidency, which plans to develop a global roadmap for transitioning away from fossil fuels. This roadmap is intended to address not only the climate imperative but also broader issues such as financial and social stability. Many fossil fuel-exporting countries remain economically dependent on revenues from oil and gas, posing challenges for a smooth transition. Organizers emphasize the need for careful planning to support workers affected by the shift and to maintain price stability and energy access for vulnerable populations. Speakers at a recent event hosted by Climate Home News, including former German climate envoy Jennifer Morgan and representatives from the Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty Initiative and the Natural Resource Governance Institute, highlighted the importance of inclusive dialogue and multi-faceted approaches. They suggested that the roadmap could be formally introduced at upcoming climate meetings, such as the mid-year talks in Bonn or COP31 later in the year. Additionally, financial institutions and governments are encouraged to develop their own tailored transition plans, recognizing that a single global roadmap will need to be complemented by localized strategies. The Santa Marta conference will also feature parallel events organized by Colombia’s University of Magdalena, reflecting the region’s longstanding engagement with fossil fuel transition challenges. Pacific island nations Tuvalu and Vanuatu have expressed interest in hosting follow-up discussions, signaling growing international momentum to ensure the fossil fuel phase-out is equitable and comprehensive.

1 days ago
MAINSTREAM The Guardian Climate

Spain’s meteorologists subjected to ‘alarming’ rise in hate speech, minister warns

Spain’s environment minister, Sara Aagesen, has alerted prosecutors to a significant rise in hate speech and hostile attacks targeting meteorologists, climate science communicators, and researchers on social media platforms. In a letter to hate crimes prosecutors, Aagesen highlighted studies revealing that nearly 18% of hostile messages on the social media network X (formerly Twitter) contain hate speech, personal attacks, and denigration aimed at professionals who share verified scientific information. She described the increase in intensity, frequency, and violence of these attacks as “alarming,” emphasizing the critical role these experts play in combating climate disinformation. Research cited by the minister shows that such attacks not only harm the individuals targeted but also negatively influence public perceptions of meteorology and scientific work. The hostile environment can discourage scientists from engaging with the public or openly communicating their research, which risks limiting scientific progress and restricting access to accurate climate information. The spread of conspiracy theories related to climate control and weather manipulation further undermines public understanding of climate change and weakens efforts to address extreme weather events linked to global warming. A 2024 study found that climate emergency denialism was especially prevalent on X, with nearly half of climate-related posts expressing denial and over 17% containing hate speech. Rubén del Campo, a spokesperson for Spain’s state meteorological agency Aemet, acknowledged the personal toll such attacks take on professionals, noting the distress caused by false accusations and targeted harassment. In her letter, Aagesen offered the ministry’s full cooperation to prosecutors investigating these hate crimes, underscoring the importance of protecting scientific communicators who contribute to public awareness and policy responses amid escalating climate challenges.

2 days ago
MAINSTREAM BBC Environment

Serial houseplant killer? Here's how to keep them alive

Many people struggle to keep houseplants alive despite their best efforts, but experts say success comes down to understanding the specific needs of each plant rather than luck or innate skill. Clare Preston-Pollitt, horticultural advisor at RHS Garden Bridgewater, and Adam Frost, host of Gardeners' World, emphasize the importance of choosing plants suited to the conditions in your home and adjusting care accordingly. Selecting the right plant for the right environment is crucial. For example, monsteras thrive in bright, light-filled lounges, peace lilies prefer warm, humid kitchens, devil’s ivy does well in moist bathrooms, and false castor oil plants can tolerate shady hallways. Moving plants around to find their ideal spot can revive struggling foliage. Overwatering is a common error; many houseplants have different moisture needs. Peace lilies and spider plants show brown leaves when improperly watered, while succulents and cacti require minimal water, often just a light mist. Tools like watering globes or mats can help regulate moisture delivery. Some plants, such as cast iron plants, Hoya carnosa, and snake plants, are particularly resilient, tolerating drought and low light, making them ideal for beginners. Seasonal changes also affect plant care. During spring and summer, when plants grow actively, watering should be more frequent—sometimes two to three times a week for species like monsteras—and feeding with fertilizer is beneficial. In contrast, during autumn and winter, many foliage plants enter a semi-dormant state due to reduced light, requiring less water and no feeding to prevent overwatering and stress. Understanding these factors can help even novice plant owners maintain healthy, thriving indoor greenery, dispelling the myth of being a "serial houseplant killer" and encouraging more people to enjoy the benefits of indoor plants.

2 days ago
MAINSTREAM BBC Environment

UK secures record supply of offshore wind projects

The UK government has awarded contracts for a record 8.4 gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind projects across England, Scotland, and Wales, marking a significant step in its ambition to expand clean electricity generation. Among the successful bids is the first phase of the Berwick Bank project in the North Sea, which has the potential to become the world’s largest offshore wind farm. Other notable projects include the Dogger Bank South wind farm off Yorkshire, the Norfolk Vanguard project off East Anglia, and Awel y Môr, the first Welsh offshore wind project to secure a contract in over a decade. These developments are part of the government’s broader goal to achieve at least 43GW of offshore wind capacity by 2030, contributing to a target of 95% of Great Britain’s electricity coming from clean sources by that year. The government emphasizes that offshore wind is a cost-effective alternative to new gas power stations and argues that expanding renewable energy will ultimately reduce energy bills. Chris Stark, leading the government’s clean power initiatives, described the auction results as a positive outcome that will facilitate the delivery of electricity to homes across the UK. Offshore wind is considered a cornerstone of the country’s future energy system due to abundant coastal wind resources and its role in meeting climate change commitments. However, analysts caution that despite the record contracts awarded, significant challenges remain. The process of building offshore wind farms and connecting them to the national grid is complex and time-consuming, raising doubts about whether the 2030 targets can be fully met. Factors such as global supply chain disruptions, rising steel prices, and increased interest rates—exacerbated by the Russia-Ukraine conflict—have driven up costs in the offshore wind sector. Critics, including Conservative politicians, argue that these contracts may lock in high energy prices for decades, complicating the government’s efforts to balance climate goals with affordable energy.

3 days ago